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CS8164
CS8164
8V/5V Low Dropout Dual Regulator with ENABLE
Description Features
The CS8164 is a low dropout, dual 8V/5V linear regulator. The secondary 5V/100mA output is used for powering systems with standby memory. Quiescent current drain is less than 2mA when supplying 10mA loads from the standby regulator. In automotive applications, the CS8164 and all regulated circuits are protected from reverse battery installations, as well as high voltage transients. During line transients, such as a 60V load dump, the 750mA output will automatically shutdown to protect both internal circuits and the load, while the secondary regulator continues to power any standby load. The on board ENABLE function controls the regulator's primary output. When ENABLE is in the low state, the regulator is placed in STANDBY mode where it draws 2mA (typ) quiescent current. The CS8164 is packaged in a 5-lead TO-220, with copper tab for connection to a heat sink, if necessary.
s Two Regulated Outputs Primary Output 8V 5%; 750mA Secondary Output 5V 2%; 100mA s Low Dropout Voltage s ON/OFF Control Option s Standby Quiescent Drain (<2mA) s Protection Features Reverse Battery 60V Peak Transient Voltage -50V Reverse Transient Short Circuit Thermal Shutdown
Absolute Maximum Ratings DC Input Voltage .............................................................................-0.5V to 26V Transient Peak Voltage (46V Load Dump) .................................................60V Internal Power Dissipation ..................................................Internally Limited Operating Temperature Range................................................-40C to +125C Junction Temperature Range...................................................-40C to +150C Storage Temperature Range ....................................................-65C to +150C Reverse Polarity VOUT1 Input Voltage, DC ................................................-18V Reverse Polarity Input Voltage, Transient ................................................-50V Lead Temperature Soldering Wave Solder (through hole styles only)..........10 sec. max, 260C peak Block Diagram
Package Options
5 Lead TO-220
Tab (Gnd)
Standby Output V IN + Bandgap Reference Primary Output Thermal Shutdown Over Voltage Shutdown V OUT1 Output Current Limit V OUT2
ENABLE
+ -
Gnd
+ -
Output Current Limit
1
1 2 3 4 5
VIN VOUT1 Gnd ENABLE VOUT2
Cherry Semiconductor Corporation 2000 South County Trail, East Greenwich, RI 02818 Tel: (401)885-3600 Fax: (401)885-5786 Email: info@cherry-semi.com Web Site: www.cherry-semi.com
Rev. 2/17/98
1
A
Company
CS8164
Electrical Characteristics for VOUT: VIN = 14V, IOUT = 500mA, -40C TJ +150uC unless otherwise specified
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
s OUTPUT STAGE (VOUT1) Output Voltage, VOUT1 Dropout Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current 13V VIN 26V, IOUT1 500mA, 13V VIN 16V, IOUT1 750mA IOUT1 = 500mA 13V VIN 16V, IOUT1 = 5mA 5mA IOUT1 500mA IOUT1 10mA, No Load on Standby IOUT1 = 500mA, No Load on Standby IOUT1 = 750mA, No Load on Standby f = 120Hz 0.75 500mA DC and 10mA rms, 100Hz - 10kHz 150 26 15 15 3 40 90 53 1.40 50 200 190 40 2.50 7.6 7.6 8.0 8.0 8.4 8.4 0.60 80 80 7 100 V V V mV mV mA mA mA dB A mV/khr m1/2 C V
Ripple Rejection Current Limit Long Term Stability Output Impedance Thermal Shutdown Overvoltage Shutdown s Standby Output (VOUT2) Output Voltage, (VOUT2) Dropout Voltage Line Regulation Load Regulation Quiescent Current Ripple Rejection Current Limit Long Term Stability Output Impedance s ENABLE Function (ENABLE) Input ENABLE Threshold Input ENABLE Current
6V VIN 26V IOUT2 100mA 6V VIN 26V 1mA IOUT2 100mA IOUT2 10mA, -40uC TJ +125uC VOUT1 OFF f = 120Hz
4.75
5.00 0.55 4 10 2 66 200 20
5.25 0.70 50 50 3
V V mV mV mA dB mA mV/khr 1/2
10mA DC and 1mA rms, 100Hz - 10kHz
1
VOUT1 Off VOUT1 On VENABLE VTHRESHOLD
2.00 -10
1.25 1.25
0.80 10
V V A
Package Lead Description
PACKAGE LEAD # LEAD SYMBOL FUNCTION
5 Lead TO-220 1 2 3 4 5 VIN VOUT1 Gnd ENABLE VOUT2 Supply voltage, usually direct from battery. Regulated output 8V, 750mA (typ). Ground connection. CMOS compatible input lead; switches VOUT1 on and off. When ENABLE is high, VOUT1 is active. Standby output 5V, 100mA (typ); always on. 2
CS8164
Typical Performance Characteristics
Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
INPUT-OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL VOLTAGE (V)
Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage
1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0 200 400 600 800
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0.7
13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -40
RL=10W
-20
0
20
40
60
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Standby Output Voltage vs. Input Voltage
Line Transient Response (VOUT1)
7
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (mV)
20
6 5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
RL= 500W
IOUT1 = 500mA
10 0 -10 -20 3 2 1 0 0 10 20
TIME (ms)
4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -40 -20 0 20 40 60
INPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (V)
30
40
50
60
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Line Transient Response (VOUT2)
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (mV) INPUT VOLTAGE CHANGE (V)
10 5 0 -5 -10
3 2 1 0 0 10 20
TIME (ms)
30
40
50
60
3
CS8164
Typical Performance Characteristics
Load Transient Response (VOUT1) Load Transient Response (VOUT2)
150
OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (mV)
150
STANDBY OUTPUT VOLTAGE DEVIATION (mV)
100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 10 20
TIME (ms)
100 50 0 -50 -100 -150 20 15 10 5 0 0 10 20
TIME (ms)
30
40
50
60
STANDBY LOAD CURRENT (mA)
LOAD CURRENT (A)
30
40
50
60
Quiescent Current vs. Output Current
Maximum Power Dissipation (TO-220)
120
ISTBY=10mA
QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) POWER DISSIPATION (W)
20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2
NO HEAT SINK 10C/W HEAT SINK INFINITE HEAT SINK
100 80 60 40 20 0 0 200 400 600 800
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (C)
4
CS8164
Definition of Terms Dropout Voltage The input-output voltage differential at which the circuit ceases to regulate against further reduction in input voltage. Measured when the output voltage has dropped 100mV from the nominal value obtained at 14V input, dropout voltage is dependent upon load current and junction temperature. Input Voltage The DC voltage applied to the input terminals with respect to ground. Input Output Differential The voltage difference between the unregulated input voltage and the regulated output voltage for which the regulator will operate. Line Regulation The change in output voltage for a change in the input voltage. The measurement is made under conditions of low dissipation or by using pulse techniques such that the average chip temperature is not significantly affected. Load Regulation The change in output voltage for a change in load current at constant chip temperature. Long Term Stability Output voltage stability under accelerated life-test conditions after 1000 hours with maximum rated voltage and junction temperature. Output Noise Voltage The rms AC voltage at the output, with constant load and no input ripple, measured over a specified frequency range. Quiescent Current The part of the positive input current that does not contribute to the positive load current. i.e., the regulator ground lead current. Ripple Rejection The ratio of the peak-to-peak input ripple voltage to the peak-to-peak output ripple voltage. Temperature Stability of VOUT The percentage change in output voltage for a thermal variation from room temperature to either temperature extreme. Current Limit Peak current that can be delivered to the output.
Typical Circuit Waveform
60V VIN 14V 31V 3V 26V 14V
ENABLE
2.0V 0.8V 8V 8V 2.4V 8V 0V 0V 5V 5V 2.4V 5V 8V 8V 0V
VOUT1 VOUT2
System Condition
Turn On
Load Dump
Low VIN
Line Noise, Etc.
VOUT2 Short Circuit
Thermal Shutdown
Turn Off
Circuit Description
Standby Output
The CS8164 is equipped with two outputs. The second output is intended for use in systems requiring standby memory circuits. While the high current primary output can be controlled with the ENABLE lead described below, the standby output remains on under all conditions as long as sufficient input voltage is applied to the IC. Thus, memory and other circuits powered by this output remain unaffected by positive line transients, thermal shutdown, etc. 5
The standby regulator circuit is designed so that the quiescent current to the IC is very low (<2mA) when the other regulator output is off. In applications where the standby output is not needed, it may be disabled by connecting a resistor from the standby output to the supply voltage. This eliminates the need for a capacitor on the output to prevent unwanted oscillations. The value of the resistor depends upon the minimum input voltage expected for a given system. Since the standby output is shunted with an internal 6.0V Zener, the current through the external resistor should be sufficient
CS8164
Circuit Description: continued to bias VOUT2 up to this point. Approximately 60A will suffice, resulting in a 10k1/2 external resistor for most applications.
High Current Output
VIN
RD 10kW VOUT2 VOUT2
Unlike the standby regulated output, which must remain on whenever possible, the high current regulated output is fault protected against overvoltage and also incorporates thermal shutdown. If the input voltage rises above approximately 30V (e.g., load dump), this output will automatically shutdown. This protects the internal circuitry and enables the IC to survive higher voltage transients than would otherwise be expected. Thermal shutdown is effective against die overheating since the high current output is the dominant source of power dissipation in the IC.
ENABLE
+ C3
Disabling VOUT2 when it is not needed. C3 is no longer needed.
The enable function controls VOUT1 When ENABLE is high (5V), VOUT1 is on. When ENABLE is low, VOUT1 is off. Test & Application Circuit
C1 * 0.1 mF
VIN
VOUT1 + C2** 10mF
CS8164
ENABLE
Gnd
VOUT2 + C3** 10mF
NOTES: * C1 required if regulator is located far from power supply filter. ** C2, C3 required for stability.
Application Notes
Stability Considerations
The output or compensation capacitor helps determine three main characteristics of a linear regulator: start-up delay, load transient response and loop stability. The capacitor value and type should be based on cost, availability, size and temperature constraints. A tantalum or aluminum electrolytic capacitor is best, since a film or ceramic capacitor with almost zero ESR can cause instability. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor is the least expensive solution, but, if the circuit operates at low temperatures (-25C to -40C), both the value and ESR of the capacitor will vary considerably. The capacitor manufacturers data sheet usually provides this information. The value for each output capacitor shown in the test and applications circuit should work for most applications, however it is not necessarily the optimized solution. 6
To determine acceptable values for C2 and C3 a particular application, start with a tantalum capacitor of the recommended value and work towards a less expensive alternative part for each output. Step 1: Place the completed circuit with the tantalum capacitors of the recommended values in an environmental chamber at the lowest specified operating temperature and monitor the outputs with an oscilloscope. A decade box connected in series with the capacitor C2 will simulate the higher ESR of an aluminum capacitor. Leave the decade box outside the chamber, the small resistance added by the longer leads is negligible. Step 2: With the input voltage at its maximum value, increase the load current slowly from zero to full load on the output under observation. look for oscillations on the output. If no oscillations are observed, the capacitor is large enough to ensure a stable design under steady state conditions.
CS8164
Application Notes: continued Step 3: Increase the ESR of the capacitor from zero using the decade box and vary the load current until oscillations appear. Record the values of load current and ESR that cause the greatest oscillation. This represents the worst case load conditions for the output at low temperature. Step 4: Maintain the worst case load conditions set in step 3 and vary the input voltage until the oscillations increase. This point represents the worst case input voltage conditions. Step 5: If the capacitor is adequate, repeat steps 3 and 4 with the next smaller valued capacitor. A smaller capacitor will usually cost less and occupy less board space. If the output oscillates within the range of expected operating conditions, repeat steps 3 and 4 with the next larger standard capacitor value. Step 6: Test the load transient response by switching in various loads at several frequencies to simulate its real working environment. Vary the ESR to reduce ringing. Step 7: Remove the unit from the environmental chamber and heat the IC with a heat gun. Vary the load current as instructed in step 5 to test for any oscillations. Once the minimum capacitor value with the maximum ESR is found for each output, a safety factor should be added to allow for the tolerance of the capacitor and any variations in regulator performance. Most good quality aluminum electrolytic capacitors have a tolerance of +/20% so the minimum value found should be increased by at least 50% to allow for this tolerance plus the variation which will occur at low temperatures. The ESR of the capacitors should be less than 50% of the maximum allowable ESR found in step 3 above. Repeat steps 1 through 7 with the capacitor on the other output, C3.
Calculating Power Dissipation in a Dual Output Linear Regulator
IIN VIN
Smart Regulator
IOUT1 VOUT1 IOUT2
}
Control Features
VOUT2
IQ
Figure 1: Dual output regulator with key performance parameters labeled.
Once the value of P D(max) is known, the maximum permissible value of RQJA can be calculated: RQJA = 150C - TA PD (2)
The value of RQJA can then be compared with those in the package section of the data sheet. Those packages with RQJA's less than the calculated value in equation 2 will keep the die temperature below 150C. In some cases, none of the packages will be sufficient to dissipate the heat generated by the IC, and an external heatsink will be required.
Heat Sinks
A heat sink effectively increases the surface area of the package to improve the flow of heat away from the IC and into the surrounding air. Each material in the heat flow path between the IC and the outside environment will have a thermal resistance. Like series electrical resistances, these resistances are summed to determine the value of RQJA: RQJA = RQJC + RQCS + RQSA (3) where: RQJC = the junction-to-case thermal resistance, RQCS = the case-to-heatsink thermal resistance, and RQSA = the heatsink-to-ambient thermal resistance. RQJC appears in the package section of the data sheet. Like RQJA, it too is a function of package type. RQCS and RQSA are functions of the package type, heatsink and the interface between them. These values appear in heat sink data sheets of heat sink manufacturers.
The maximum power dissipation for a dual output regulator (Figure 1) is: PD(max) = {VIN(max) - VOUT1(min)}IOUT1(max)+ {VIN(max) - VOUT2(min)}IOUT2(max)+VIN(max)IQ where: VIN(max) is the maximum input voltage, VOUT1(min) is the minimum output voltage from VOUT1, VOUT2(min) is the minimum output voltage from VOUT2, IOUT1(max) is the maximum output current for the application, IOUT2(max) is the maximum output current for the application, and IQ is the quiescent current the regulator consumes at IOUT(max).
(1)
7
CS8164
Package Specification
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS IN mm (INCHES) PACKAGE THERMAL DATA
5 Lead TO-220 (T) Straight
Thermal Data RQJC typ RQJA typ
5 Lead TO-220 2.0 50
uC/W uC/W
10.54 (.415) 9.78 (.385) 2.87 (.113) 6.55 (.258) 2.62 (.103) 5.94 (.234)
4.83 (.190) 4.06 (.160) 3.96 (.156) 3.71 (.146)
1.40 (.055) 1.14 (.045)
5 Lead TO-220 (THA) Horizontal
4.83 (.190) 10.54 (.415) 9.78 (.385) 2.87 (.113) 2.62 (.103) 1.40 (.055) 3.96 (.156) 3.71 (.146) 1.14 (.045) 4.06 (.160)
14.99 (.590) 14.22 (.560)
6.55 (.258) 5.94 (.234)
14.99 (.590) 14.22 (.560)
14.22 (.560) 13.72 (.540)
6.83 (.269)
2.77 (.109)
1.02 (.040) 0.76 (.030)
0.81(.032)
1.02(.040) 0.63(.025) 6.93(.273) 6.68(.263)
1.83(.072) 1.57(.062)
0.56 (.022) 0.36 (.014) 2.92 (.115) 2.29 (.090)
1.68 (.066) TYP 1.70 (.067) 6.81(.268)
0.56 (.022) 0.36 (.014) 6.60 (.260) 5.84 (.230)
2.92 (.115) 2.29 (.090)
5 Lead TO-220 (TVA) Vertical
4.83 (.190) 4.06 (.160) 10.54 (.415) 9.78 (.385) 3.96 (.156) 3.71 (.146)
1.40 (.055) 1.14 (.045)
6.55 (.258) 5.94 (.234) 2.87 (.113) 2.62 (.103) 14.99 (.590) 14.22 (.560)
1.78 (.070) 2.92 (.115) 2.29 (.090) 8.64 (.340) 7.87 (.310) 0.56 (.022) 0.36 (.014)
4.34 (.171) 7.51 (.296) 1.68 (.066) typ 6.80 (.268)
1.70 (.067)
.94 (.037) .69 (.027)
Ordering Information
Part Number CS8164YT5 CS8164YTVA5 CS8164YTHA5
Rev. 2/17/98
Description 5 Lead TO-220 Straight 5 Lead TO-220 Vertical 5 Lead TO-220 Horizontal 8
Cherry Semiconductor Corporation reserves the right to make changes to the specifications without notice. Please contact Cherry Semiconductor Corporation for the latest available information.
(c) 1999 Cherry Semiconductor Corporation

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